On what principle does a centrifugal pump operate?

A centrifugal pump operates on the principle of using a rapidly revolving impeller, which is a rotating component, to impart kinetic energy to the fluid being pumped. As the impeller spins, it throws the water outward due to centrifugal force. This outward movement increases the velocity of the fluid, which then translates into pressure as the water exits the pump.

This mechanism is key to the efficiency and functionality of centrifugal pumps, making them widely used in various applications such as water supply systems, heating system circulation, and other industrial processes. The effective conversion of mechanical energy into fluid energy allows these pumps to move large volumes of liquid quickly and efficiently.

In contrast, gravity-driven flow relies on the natural force of gravity to move fluids without the aid of mechanical action, while a stationary disk would not generate the necessary motion or pressure to pump fluid effectively. Additionally, the notion of a rapidly revolving disk throwing water toward the center does not accurately represent how centrifugal pumps function, as the focus is on directing fluid outward rather than inward.